Indigenous health is an interdisciplinary field of research and academic inquiry focused on understanding the health and well-being of Indigenous populations globally. It investigates the unique health profiles, disparities, and determinants shaped by complex historical, social, cultural, environmental, and political factors, including the enduring impacts of colonization and systemic inequities. Key characteristics include the centering of Indigenous perspectives and epistemologies, a holistic conceptualization of well-being encompassing physical, mental, spiritual, and social dimensions, and a commitment to community-engaged and culturally safe research methodologies. Its significance lies in generating knowledge to address health disparities, inform evidence-based policy and practice, and support Indigenous self-determination in achieving health equity.